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Dr. Graeme Ward, BAH Queen’s University, MA McMaster University, PhD University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill   
Disgrace, Disbandment and Damnatio Memoriae: Roman Legions in Defeat

In this paper, Dr. Ward explores the repercussions of failure for Roman legions during the Principate. He analyzes in particular how memory sanctions - discontinuation, substitution or erasure - were applied to Roman legions, their titles and insignia in the wake of military failure. This study helps historians to understand how the relationship between the legions and the emperor was redefined during military and political crises, and offers insight into how historical definitions of military defeat and disgrace are often dependent on contemporary political circumstances.